For decades, Africa has undergone many crisis, affecting economy, climate, food, politics as well as society with irreparable consequences on the environment. The protection of the latter, being one of the cornerstones of sustainable development, is only possible if it’s based on a reliable and rigorous diagnosis and inventory. This study suggests a method to characterize natural resources, in particular agricultural ones, by showing their landscape context. In this perspective and in the absence of any pre-existing mapping, as it is often the case in Africa, this work provides a simple and reproducible approach that merely uses Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) (free) images, with the only constraint of the cross-checking of several images at different times of the plant cycle.