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            <title xml:lang="fr">Genèse et développement du concept de grammaticalité dans la pensée de Chomsky (1951-1965) </title>
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                <term xml:lang="fr">grammaire totale vs. grammaire partielle</term>
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              <p>The aim of this article is to study the origin and evolution of the concept of grammaticality in Chomsky’s work from 1951 until Aspects  in 1965. This timeframe corresponds to the development of grammaticality and of related concepts – native speaker’s intuition, competence vs performance – up to the introduction of the theoretically essential concept of acceptability. Contrary to what has often been claimed, including by Chomsky himself, we will show that the history of grammaticality is neither clear nor homogeneous, and that rather than being the culmination or decisive turning point of the theory, Aspects actually constitutes one of its stages of gestation. We particularly explore the following two points : the effect of the evolution of the notion of grammaticality on the grammar’s treatment of data, and the way Chomsky fluctuates between grammatical and ungrammatical sentences on the one hand, and a more continuist conception in terms of degrees of grammaticality. We will ask if the coverage of data is constant or undergoes variation : in particular, we will try to elucidate to what extent Chomsky’s goal is to construct a partial grammar or an exhaustive one. We consider three periods : 1951-1958 (grammaticality centred on degrees of grammaticalness) ; 1959-63 (emergence of cognitive hypotheses) ; 1964-65 (elaboration of the notion of acceptability in CILT and Aspects).</p>
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              <p>Cet article a pour objectif d’étudier la genèse et l’évolution de la notion de grammaticalité dans l’œuvre de Chomsky, de 1951 jusqu’à Aspects en 1965. Cette périodisation correspond au développement de la grammaticalité et des notions connexes, intuition du locuteur natif, compétence vs. performance, jusqu’à l’introduction de l’acceptabilité, notion essentielle pour la théorie. Contrairement à ce qui est généralement avancé, y compris par Chomsky lui-même, nous montrerons que l’histoire de la grammaticalité n’est ni claire, ni homogène et qu’Aspects, plus qu’un aboutissement ou un tournant décisif, constitue plutôt un état en gestation de la théorie. Nous examinerons les points suivants : l’impact de l’évolution de la notion de grammaticalité sur le traitement des données par la grammaire ; la façon dont Chomsky oscille entre une conception binaire de la grammaticalité en termes d’opposition entre phrases grammaticales et phrases non grammaticales, et une conception plus continuiste en termes de degrees of grammaticalness. On se demandera si la couverture des données est constante ou bien si elle subit des variations ; en particulier on tentera d’élucider dans quelle mesure l’objectif de Chomsky est de construire une grammaire partielle ou une grammaire exhaustive. Nous considérerons trois périodes : 1951-58, la grammaticalité centrée sur les degrees of grammaticalness ; 1959-63, apparition des hypothèses cognitives; 1964-65, élaboration de la notion d’acceptabilité dans CILT et Aspects.</p>
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