<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:hal="http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/" xmlns:gml="http://www.opengis.net/gml/3.3/" xmlns:gmlce="http://www.opengis.net/gml/3.3/ce" version="1.1" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0 http://api.archives-ouvertes.fr/documents/aofr-sword.xsd">
  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title>HAL TEI export of hal-01295493</title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <distributor>CCSD</distributor>
        <availability status="restricted">
          <licence target="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/">CC0 1.0 - Universal</licence>
        </availability>
        <date when="2026-05-21T06:08:44+02:00"/>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p part="N">HAL API Platform</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <listBibl>
        <biblFull>
          <titleStmt>
            <title xml:lang="en">Physical-mechanical properties of boxwood (Buxus sempervirens l.) used in the making of woodwinds for traditional and/or early music</title>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Pierre</forename>
                <surname>Cabrolier</surname>
              </persName>
              <idno type="halauthorid">514493-0</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-693"/>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-407549"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Joseph</forename>
                <surname>Gril</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">ed59c71d1c8a00410536ff92a89d18d1</email>
              <email type="domain">cnrs.fr</email>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="string">joseph-gril</idno>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">173780</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">42487-173780</idno>
              <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1483-0294</idno>
              <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/033816670</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-693"/>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-407549"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Guillaume</forename>
                <surname>Larricq</surname>
              </persName>
              <idno type="halauthorid">1014604-0</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-693"/>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-407549"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Iris</forename>
                <surname>Brémaud</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">2217e029750e35e540ec81ff0f81a69c</email>
              <email type="domain">umontpellier.fr</email>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="string">iris-bremaud</idno>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">170670</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">17751-170670</idno>
              <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/110239008</idno>
              <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7999-6661</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-693"/>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-407549"/>
            </author>
            <editor role="depositor">
              <persName>
                <forename>François</forename>
                <surname>Gibier</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">4f527ab67983fdcde107a2d271b8bfe3</email>
              <email type="domain">umontpellier.fr</email>
            </editor>
          </titleStmt>
          <editionStmt>
            <edition n="v1" type="current">
              <date type="whenSubmitted">2016-03-31 10:55:15</date>
              <date type="whenModified">2023-03-24 14:53:02</date>
              <date type="whenReleased">2016-03-31 10:55:15</date>
              <date type="whenProduced">2015-05-26</date>
            </edition>
            <respStmt>
              <resp>contributor</resp>
              <name key="155313">
                <persName>
                  <forename>François</forename>
                  <surname>Gibier</surname>
                </persName>
                <email type="md5">4f527ab67983fdcde107a2d271b8bfe3</email>
                <email type="domain">umontpellier.fr</email>
              </name>
            </respStmt>
          </editionStmt>
          <publicationStmt>
            <distributor>CCSD</distributor>
            <idno type="halId">hal-01295493</idno>
            <idno type="halUri">https://hal.science/hal-01295493</idno>
            <idno type="halBibtex">cabrolier:hal-01295493</idno>
            <idno type="halRefHtml">&lt;i&gt;WoodMusICK meeting “Analyses in Mechanics of Wooden Instruments”&lt;/i&gt;, May 2015, Dresde, Germany</idno>
            <idno type="halRef">WoodMusICK meeting “Analyses in Mechanics of Wooden Instruments”, May 2015, Dresde, Germany</idno>
            <availability status="restricted"/>
          </publicationStmt>
          <seriesStmt>
            <idno type="stamp" n="CNRS">CNRS - Centre national de la recherche scientifique</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="LMGC" corresp="UNIV-MONTPELLIER">Laboratoire de Mécanique et Génie Civil</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="MIPS">Mathématiques, Informatique, Physique et Systèmes</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="UNIV-MONTPELLIER">Université de Montpellier</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="UM-2015-2021" corresp="UNIV-MONTPELLIER">Université de Montpellier (2015-2021)</idno>
          </seriesStmt>
          <notesStmt>
            <note type="audience" n="2">International</note>
            <note type="invited" n="0">No</note>
            <note type="popular" n="0">No</note>
            <note type="peer" n="1">Yes</note>
            <note type="proceedings" n="0">No</note>
          </notesStmt>
          <sourceDesc>
            <biblStruct>
              <analytic>
                <title xml:lang="en">Physical-mechanical properties of boxwood (Buxus sempervirens l.) used in the making of woodwinds for traditional and/or early music</title>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Pierre</forename>
                    <surname>Cabrolier</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <idno type="halauthorid">514493-0</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-693"/>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-407549"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Joseph</forename>
                    <surname>Gril</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <email type="md5">ed59c71d1c8a00410536ff92a89d18d1</email>
                  <email type="domain">cnrs.fr</email>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="string">joseph-gril</idno>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">173780</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">42487-173780</idno>
                  <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1483-0294</idno>
                  <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/033816670</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-693"/>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-407549"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Guillaume</forename>
                    <surname>Larricq</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <idno type="halauthorid">1014604-0</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-693"/>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-407549"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Iris</forename>
                    <surname>Brémaud</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <email type="md5">2217e029750e35e540ec81ff0f81a69c</email>
                  <email type="domain">umontpellier.fr</email>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="string">iris-bremaud</idno>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">170670</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">17751-170670</idno>
                  <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/110239008</idno>
                  <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7999-6661</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-693"/>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-407549"/>
                </author>
              </analytic>
              <monogr>
                <meeting>
                  <title>WoodMusICK meeting “Analyses in Mechanics of Wooden Instruments”</title>
                  <date type="start">2015-05-26</date>
                  <settlement>Dresde</settlement>
                  <country key="DE">Germany</country>
                </meeting>
                <imprint/>
              </monogr>
              <ref type="publisher">http://woodmusick.org/</ref>
            </biblStruct>
          </sourceDesc>
          <profileDesc>
            <langUsage>
              <language ident="en">English</language>
            </langUsage>
            <textClass>
              <keywords scheme="author">
                <term xml:lang="en">Dimensional stability</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Early music instruments</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Traditional music instruments</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Buxus</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Woodwinds</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Physical properties</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Mechanical properties</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Boxwood</term>
              </keywords>
              <classCode scheme="halDomain" n="spi.meca.mema">Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph]</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halTypology" n="COMM">Conference papers</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halOldTypology" n="COMM">Conference papers</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halTreeTypology" n="COMM">Conference papers</classCode>
            </textClass>
            <abstract xml:lang="en">
              <p>Boxwood (Buxus sempervirens L. and sometimes also B. balearica Lam.) is an important material in the making of many woodwinds for early music and/or traditional music (including oboes, bagpipes, clarinets, recorders…), where its aptitude to turnery, precise edges and beautiful polish are much appreciated. Boxwood is also an emblematic material in several other traditional woodcrafts. Surprisingly enough, there are virtually no scientific publications about its physical-mechanical properties. The main scientific data available indicate that this hardwood does not produce tension wood, but instead compression wood like softwoods. The presented project originated from interviews with French makers of woodwinds for whom boxwood is essential, who were facing many problems of dimensional stability at all steps from felling the tree/shrub, to seasoning the wood, to turning the instrument, and finally playing it. On the one hand, variability of wood used by makers was sampled (&gt;100 specimens). On the other hand, a wide experimental plan (approx.150 specimens) started from biomechanical measurements on a living “archetypal” tree of 110 years, that restored verticality in a steep mountain slope. Lab-measurements were made of its internal profile of residual growth strains, and on hygrothermal recovery, followed by assessment of green wood properties, then drying behaviour is assessed stepwise. Air-dry mechanical properties are measured on both samplings (variability of makers’ material, and “from standing tree to making conditions”). Measured physical-mechanical properties include isotherms of sorption and associated shrinkage/swelling, ultrasonic velocities in the 3 principal directions, and dynamic Young’s modulus and damping at audio-frequencies. First results highlight boxwood as a peculiar wood material, and show that the atypical compression wood formed in this hardwood does show strong mechanical similarities with those of softwoods. Work currently in progress aims at relating the material properties to hygro-mechanical behaviour of wooden tubes machined from the same sampling, to assess the deformation of resulting woodwinds instruments.</p>
            </abstract>
          </profileDesc>
        </biblFull>
      </listBibl>
    </body>
    <back>
      <listOrg type="structures">
        <org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-693" status="OLD">
          <idno type="IdRef">137844751</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">000000040609831X</idno>
          <idno type="RNSR">199511952T</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/02fke9256</idno>
          <orgName>Laboratoire de Mécanique et Génie Civil</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">LMGC</orgName>
          <date type="start">1991-01-01</date>
          <date type="end">2021-12-31</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>CC 048 Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 MONTPELLIER CEDEX 5</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.lmgc.umontpellier.fr</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-410122" type="direct"/>
            <relation name="UMR5508 / URA1214" active="#struct-441569" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="researchteam" xml:id="struct-407549" status="OLD">
          <orgName>Bois</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">BOIS</orgName>
          <date type="end">2021-12-31</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-693" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-410122" type="indirect"/>
            <relation name="UMR5508 / URA1214" active="#struct-441569" type="indirect"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-410122" status="OLD">
          <idno type="ISNI">0000000120970141</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/051escj72</idno>
          <orgName>Université de Montpellier</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">UM</orgName>
          <date type="end">2021-12-31</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>163 rue Auguste Broussonnet - 34090 Montpellier</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.umontpellier.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="regroupinstitution" xml:id="struct-441569" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">02636817X</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">0000000122597504</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/02feahw73</idno>
          <orgName>Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">CNRS</orgName>
          <date type="start">1939-10-19</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.cnrs.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
      </listOrg>
    </back>
  </text>
</TEI>