Railway accident prevention and protection are a key part of a wider picture of transport safety. The rail sector thus needs to improve its knowledge of trespassing and suicide, including at level crossing, in order to work out suitable responses by analyzing measures already taken in various countries. Governments, the rail industry and road organizations have been implementing a variety of countermeasures for many years to improve railway safety. These actions are substantial and have resulted in a continuing decrease in the number and the severity of accidents. This paper presents existing suitable techniques that are used in the preventative measures targeted to reduce railway suicides, trespassing and level crossing user accidents. It describes them in terms of their capability to effectively reduce accidents, their cost-effectiveness and their integration within the railway transport system as a whole.