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            <title xml:lang="fr">Autonomie des agents et légitimité de l’inspection du travail</title>
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                <term xml:lang="fr">professional independence</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">autonomía profesional</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">legitimidad</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">política laboral</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">salud en el trabajo</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">inspección del trabajo</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">legitimacy</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">labour policy</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">health and safety in the workplace</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">labour inspection</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">autonomie professionnelle</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">légitimité</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">politique du travail</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">santé au travail</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">inspection du travail</term>
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              <p>Labour inspectorion have evolved significantly over the past decade, in a way that affects, their organisation and relationship with the institutional environment as well as inspectors’ practices and how they are assessed. The very fact of affirming a labour policy has been the prime driver behind a rationalisation that, despite being largely inspired by New Public Management, also features a number of singular characteristics. The article equates these changes with a major restructuring of labour inspections’ "cognitive legitimacy", i.e. the ability to make actions and goals understandable and self-evident. Maintaining this legitimacy forces today’s civil servants to communicate and cooperate with other actors, exacerbating the tension that traditionally pits control against instruction by creating a greater number of sitautions where actors find they have to compromise, somethign that in turn affects their professional autonomy.</p>
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              <p>L’inspection du travail connaît depuis 10 ans une évolution importante qui affecte autant l’organisation du corps et ses relations avec son environnement institutionnel que l’activité même des agents de contrôle et la manière de l’évaluer. L’affirmation d’une politique du travail est la principale cause de cette rationalisation qui, bien qu’elle emprunte largement au registre du New Public Management, présente des traits singuliers. Cet article interprète ces transformations comme une recomposition majeure de la légitimité cognitive de l’inspection, de sa capacité à rendre compréhensibles et évidentes les actions qu’elle engage et les finalités qu’elle poursuit. Le maintien de cette légitimité passe aujourd’hui par un devoir de communication et de coopération avec d’autres acteurs, qui exacerbe la tension traditionnelle entre contrôle et pédagogie en démultipliant les situations dans lesquelles les agents doivent transiger, ce qui affecte l’exercice de leur autonomie professionnelle.</p>
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