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            <title xml:lang="en">A Semantic Enhanced Model for Effective Spatial Information Retrieval</title>
            <title xml:lang="en" type="sub">Un modèle sémantique améliorée for Effective Information Retrieval spatiale</title>
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                <title xml:lang="en">A Semantic Enhanced Model for Effective Spatial Information Retrieval</title>
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                <term xml:lang="en">Spatial Information Retrieval</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Semantics</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Spatial Reasoning</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Spatial Indexing</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Spatial Ontology</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">indexation spatiale</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Sémantique</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">ontologie spatiale</term>
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              <p>A lot of information on the web is geographically referenced. Discovering and retrieving this geographic information to satisfy various users needs across both open and distributed Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDI) poses eminent research challenges. However, this is mostly caused by semantic heterogeneity in user's query and lack of semantic referencing of the Geographic Information (GI) metadata. To addressing these challenges, this paper discusses an ontology-based semantic enhanced model, which explicitly represents GI metadata, and provides linked RDF instances of each entity. The system focuses on semantic search, ontology, and efficient spatial information retrieval. In particular, an integrated model that uses specific domain information extraction method to improve the searching and retrieval of ranked spatial data.</p>
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              <p>Un grand nombre d'informations sur le web est géographiquement référencé. Trouver et récupérer cette information géographique pour répondre à divers besoins des utilisateurs dans les deux Infrastructures ouverts et distribués données spatiales (IDS) pose des défis de recherche éminents. Toutefois, cela est principalement causée par l'hétérogénéité sémantique dans la requête de l'utilisateur et le manque de référencement sémantique de métadonnées d'information géographique (IG). Pour relever ces défis, cet article traite d'un modèle amélioré sémantique basé sur l'ontologie, qui représente explicitement métadonnées de GI, et fournit liée instances RDF de chaque entité. Le système se concentre sur la recherche sémantique, ontologie, et efficace spatiale récupération de l'information. En particulier, un modèle intégré qui utilise domaine spécifique méthode d'extraction de l'information pour améliorer la recherche et la récupération des données spatiales classement.</p>
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