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Article Dans Une Revue Genome Biology Année : 2015

Small-scale gene duplications played a major role in the recent evolution of wheat chromosome 3B

Résumé

Background: Bread wheat is not only an important crop, but its large (17 Gb), highly repetitive, and hexaploid genome makes it a good model to study the organization and evolution of complex genomes. Recently, we produced a high quality reference sequence of wheat chromosome 3B (774 Mb), which provides an excellent opportunity to study the evolutionary dynamics of a large and polyploid genome, specifically the impact of single gene duplications. Results: We find that 27 % of the 3B predicted genes are non-syntenic with the orthologous chromosomes of Brachypodium distachyon, Oryza sativa, and Sorghum bicolor, whereas, by applying the same criteria, non-syntenic genes represent on average only 10 % of the predicted genes in these three model grasses. These non-syntenic genes on 3B have high sequence similarity to at least one other gene in the wheat genome, indicating that hexaploid wheat has undergone massive small-scale interchromosomal gene duplications compared to other grasses. Insertions of non-syntenic genes occurred at a similar rate along the chromosome, but these genes tend to be retained at a higher frequency in the distal, recombinogenic regions. The ratio of non-synonymous to synonymous substitution rates showed a more relaxed selection pressure for non-syntenic genes compared to syntenic genes, and gene ontology analysis indicated that non-syntenic genes may be enriched in functions involved in disease resistance. Conclusion: Our results highlight the major impact of single gene duplications on the wheat gene complement and confirm the accelerated evolution of the Triticeae lineage among grasses.
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Dates et versions

hal-01244498 , version 1 (15-12-2015)

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Natasha Marie Glover, Josquin Daron, Lise Pingault, Klaas Vandepoele, Etienne Paux, et al.. Small-scale gene duplications played a major role in the recent evolution of wheat chromosome 3B. Genome Biology, 2015, 16 (188), ⟨10.1186/s13059-015-0754-6⟩. ⟨hal-01244498⟩
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