This Special Issue contains articles selected from the 15th meeting of the Euro Working Group on Transportation (EWGT) held in Cité Descartes, Paris, in September 2012. EWGT is one of the 28 groups of EURO (Association of European Operational Research Societies). Our group, founded in Cetraro, Italy, in 1991, studies applications of operational research methods for transportation problems. The first EWGT meeting was held in 1992 in Landshut, Germany. EWGT meetings have since become conferences of international stature, attracting researchers from all over the world, although the majority come from Europe.