Our objective is to support decision makers for improving their behavior by combining bottom-up and top-down approaches. The context-based methodology establishes a conceptual description of behaviors that addresses the initial objective of behavior management. Decision makers’ behaviors are represented in two spaces, namely a behavior space and a situation space. The identification of an “expected behavior” determines the class where the decision maker is and the types of errors associated with this initial class. Validation is realized by the comparison of the “expected” and “effective” behaviors, and the use of scenarios with the same errors but in different contexts allows a second validation. This work, initiated in road safety, is now applicable in other domains where it is more important to work on behaviors of decision makers than decision makers themselves.