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                <title xml:lang="en">The new bosonic mechanism</title>
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                    <surname>Taratuta</surname>
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                <term xml:lang="en">Quantum mechanics</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Unified field theories and models</term>
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              <p>The main purpose of this paper is to introduce the new bosonic mechanism and newtreatment of dark energy.  The bosonic mechanism focuses on obtaining masses by gauge bosonswithout assuming the existence of Higgs boson.  The hypothesis on dark energy as the energy ofa postulated dark field was made and a combined gravitational-dark field was introduced. This fieldis the key to a specified approach and allows addressing the fundamental starting points of the mechanism.i. Complex scalar field is introduced in the description of the mechanism and is divided into twocomponents: Goldstone-dark field and tensor-gravitational field; tensor-gravitational component outlinesthe physics of obtaining masses by gauge bosons and causes the existence of Goldstone-dark component,which defines physics behind the Goldstone theorem.ii. The meaning of spontaneous symmetry breaking is understood in the context ofchanging between ‘mixed’ and ‘pure’ states of gauge field which appears in the frameworkof the outlined mechanism and can apply to global and local symmetry without violatingthe constraint denoted by Elitzur theorem (Phys. Rev. D 12, 3978-3982, 1975); thus theprocess of symmetry breaking is understood differently from the standard formulation(Mandl and Shaw, 2010) used in Higgs mechanism and assumes the existence of two paths(direct and restoring). The entanglement of these two paths is quantified by entropy as aparameter, based on which paths are chosen.General theory Langrangian (for interaction) in case of ‘pure’ state of gauge field is due tothe existence of one dimensional cosmic string (‘Mexican hat’ potential);General theory Lagrangian (for non-interaction) in case of ‘mixed’ state of gauge field isdue to dark energy as the restoring force to restore state of symmetry from local to globaland thus flattening potential from ‘Mexican hat’-type to Goldstone-type. This means thatphysics of Lagrangian appearance in the proposed mechanism very different from Higgsapproach.iii. Noted mechanism incorporates Fierz-Pauli approach (Proc. Roy. Soc. London. A 173,211-232, 1939) for particles of arbitrary spin and is further developed based on theoutlined hypothesis, thus distinguishing between presented theory and other theories (i.e.,Massive gravity) from the perspective of relevancy to the Fiertz and Pauli thesis.It is shown that diffeomorphism invariance is preserved in the noted mechanism andinteraction with matter is allowed. Higgs scalar is obtained within the scope of thepresented approach and is included as a part of the mathematical expression, whichdescribes obtaining mass by vector gauge boson. The noted scalar has propertiesconsistent with the properties of Higgs scalar observed in the Standard Model.iv.A possibility of formulating a consistent nonlinear interacting theory, which does notcontradict de Wit (Phys. Rev. D 21, 358-367, 1980) and Deser's arguments(General Relativity and Gravitation 1, 9-18, 1970) was presented.v. The cancellation mechanism leading to the absence of the observable Cherenkovradiation is also addressed in this article.vi. AdS/CFT correspondence is incorporated into the framework of the outlinedmechanism.vii. Mass scale structure and the diagram representing mathematical connections betweenthe new bosonic mechanism, Einstein theory and Higgs mechanism are presented in theframework of the outlined mechanism.viii. Neutrino oscillation can be explained within the boundary of the presented approach.ix. Solution to hierarchy problem is also presented within the scope of the outlinedmechanism.x. The theory addresses how fermions obtain mass as a consequence of application of mass-generationmechanism to fermions.xi. Hawking radiation can be explained in the framework of the new bosonic mechanism using the approach,which outlines in the paper the existence of barrier – black hole.xii. In the framework of the specified mechanism the renormalizability of the theory isformulated in the five-dimensional space.Dark field represents the fifth dimension possessing a dark-like Killing field. Dark-likeKilling field corresponds to the conserved quantity, i.e. dark energy.As follows from the notes (E. Witten, arXiv: hist-ph/1401.8048 v1, 2014) fifth dimension canbe introduced in a non-contradictory way that is still referenced from a physical standpoint tofour dimensions.The physics of the fifth dimension appears as a Lorentz violation and the mechanism ofcancellation of this violation is presented in the paper.xiii. The notion of time is defined as a result of mathematical consequence of T- invarianceviolation.</p>
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