Dust measurements in the coma of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko inbound to the Sun
Alessandra Rotundi
(1, 2)
,
Holger Sierks
(3)
,
Vincenzo Della Corte
(1)
,
Marco Fulle
(4)
,
Pedro J. Gutiérrez
(5)
,
Luisa Lara
(5)
,
Cesare Barbieri
(6)
,
Philippe L. Lamy
(7)
,
Rafael Rodrigo
(8, 9)
,
Detlef Koschny
(10)
,
Hans Rickman
(11, 12)
,
Horst Uwe Keller
(13)
,
José J. López-Moreno
(5)
,
Mario Accolla
(14)
,
Jessica Agarwal
(3)
,
Michael F. A'Hearn
(3, 15, 16)
,
Nicolas Altobelli
(17)
,
Francesco Angrilli
(18)
,
M. Antonietta Barucci
(19)
,
Jean-Loup Bertaux
(20)
,
Ivano Bertini
(21)
,
Dennis Bodewits
(15)
,
Ezio Bussoletti
(14)
,
Luigi Colangeli
(22)
,
Massimo Cosi
,
Gabriele Cremonese
(23)
,
Jean-François Crifo
(24)
,
Vania da Deppo
(25)
,
Björn Davidsson
(11)
,
Stefano Debei
(18)
,
Mariolino de Cecco
(26)
,
Francesca Esposito
(27)
,
Marco Ferrari
(7)
,
Sonia Fornasier
(19)
,
Frank Giovane
(28)
,
Bo Gustafson
(29)
,
Simon F. Green
(30)
,
Olivier Groussin
(7)
,
Eberhard Grün
(31)
,
Carsten Güttler
(3)
,
Miguel L. Herranz
(5)
,
Stubbe F. Hviid
(32, 3)
,
Wing Ip
(33, 34, 35)
,
Stavro Ivanovski
(27)
,
José M. Jerónimo
(5)
,
Laurent Jorda
(7)
,
Joerg Knollenberg
(32)
,
Rainer Kramm
(3)
,
Ekkehard Kührt
(32)
,
Michael Küppers
(17)
,
Monica Lazzarin
(6)
,
Mark R. Leese
(30)
,
Antonio C. López-Jiménez
(5)
,
Francesca Lucarelli
(2)
,
Stephen C. Lowry
(36)
,
Francesco Marzari
(6)
,
Elena Mazzotta Epifani
(27)
,
J. Anthony M. Mcdonnell
(37, 30)
,
Vito Mennella
(27)
,
Harald Michalik
(38)
,
Antonio Molina
(39)
,
Rafael Morales
(5)
,
Fernando Moreno
(5)
,
Stefano Mottola
(32)
,
Giampiero Naletto
(40, 21, 25)
,
Nilda Oklay
(3)
,
José L. Ortiz
(41)
,
Ernesto Palomba
(1)
,
Pasquale Palumbo
(14)
,
Jean-Marie Perrin
(42)
,
Julio Rodríguez
(5)
,
Lola Sabau
(43)
,
Colin Snodgrass
(3)
,
Roberto Sordini
(14)
,
Nicolas Thomas
(44, 45)
,
Cecilia Tubiana
(3)
,
Jean-Baptiste Vincent
(3)
,
Paul Weissman
(46)
,
Klaus-Peter Wenzel
(10)
,
Vladimir Zakharov
(19)
,
John C. Zarnecki
(4)
1
IAPS -
Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali - INAF
2 DIST - Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie [Napoli]
3 MPS - Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research
4 OAT - INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste
5 IAA - Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía
6 Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia "Galileo Galilei"
7 LAM - Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille
8 CAB - Centro de Astrobiologia [Madrid]
9 ISSI - International Space Science Institute [Bern]
10 RSSD - Research and Scientific Support Department, ESTEC
11 Department of Physics and Astronomy [Uppsala]
12 CBK - Space Research Centre of Polish Academy of Sciences
13 IGEP - Institut für Geophysik und Extraterrestrische Physik [Braunschweig]
14 PARTHENOPE - Università degli Studi di Napoli “Parthenope” = University of Naples
15 Department of Astronomy [College Park]
16 Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen
17 ESAC - European Space Astronomy Centre
18 Department of Industrial Engineering [Padova]
19 LESIA - Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique
20 PLANETO - LATMOS
21 CISAS - Centro di Ateneo di Studi e Attività Spaziali “Giuseppe Colombo”
22 ESTEC - European Space Research and Technology Centre
23 OAPD - INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova
24 HELIOS - LATMOS
25 IFN - CNR Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies
26 UNITN - Università degli Studi di Trento = University of Trento
27 OAC - INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte
28 Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University [Blacksburg]
29 UF - University of Florida [Gainesville]
30 School of Physical Sciences [Milton Keynes]
31 LASP - Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics [Boulder]
32 DLR Institute of Planetary Research
33 Institute of Space Science [Taiwan]
34 IANCU - Institute of Astronomy [Taiwan]
35 SSI - Space Science Institute [Macau]
36 CAPS - Centre for Astrophysics and Planetary Science [Canterbury]
37 School of Physical Sciences [Canterbury]
38 Institut für Datentechnik und Kommunikationsnetze
39 Departamento de Fisica Aplicada [Granada]
40 DEI - Department of Information Engineering [Padova]
41 Faculté d'Informatique [Namur]
42 OHP - Observatoire de Haute-Provence
43 INTA - Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial
44 CSH - Center for Space and Habitability
45 Physikalisches Institut [Bern]
46 JPL - Jet Propulsion Laboratory
2 DIST - Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie [Napoli]
3 MPS - Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research
4 OAT - INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste
5 IAA - Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía
6 Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia "Galileo Galilei"
7 LAM - Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille
8 CAB - Centro de Astrobiologia [Madrid]
9 ISSI - International Space Science Institute [Bern]
10 RSSD - Research and Scientific Support Department, ESTEC
11 Department of Physics and Astronomy [Uppsala]
12 CBK - Space Research Centre of Polish Academy of Sciences
13 IGEP - Institut für Geophysik und Extraterrestrische Physik [Braunschweig]
14 PARTHENOPE - Università degli Studi di Napoli “Parthenope” = University of Naples
15 Department of Astronomy [College Park]
16 Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen
17 ESAC - European Space Astronomy Centre
18 Department of Industrial Engineering [Padova]
19 LESIA - Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique
20 PLANETO - LATMOS
21 CISAS - Centro di Ateneo di Studi e Attività Spaziali “Giuseppe Colombo”
22 ESTEC - European Space Research and Technology Centre
23 OAPD - INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova
24 HELIOS - LATMOS
25 IFN - CNR Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies
26 UNITN - Università degli Studi di Trento = University of Trento
27 OAC - INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte
28 Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University [Blacksburg]
29 UF - University of Florida [Gainesville]
30 School of Physical Sciences [Milton Keynes]
31 LASP - Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics [Boulder]
32 DLR Institute of Planetary Research
33 Institute of Space Science [Taiwan]
34 IANCU - Institute of Astronomy [Taiwan]
35 SSI - Space Science Institute [Macau]
36 CAPS - Centre for Astrophysics and Planetary Science [Canterbury]
37 School of Physical Sciences [Canterbury]
38 Institut für Datentechnik und Kommunikationsnetze
39 Departamento de Fisica Aplicada [Granada]
40 DEI - Department of Information Engineering [Padova]
41 Faculté d'Informatique [Namur]
42 OHP - Observatoire de Haute-Provence
43 INTA - Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial
44 CSH - Center for Space and Habitability
45 Physikalisches Institut [Bern]
46 JPL - Jet Propulsion Laboratory
Vincenzo Della Corte
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 773095
- ORCID : 0000-0001-6461-5803
Cesare Barbieri
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 757032
- ORCID : 0000-0002-6257-9076
Massimo Cosi
- Fonction : Auteur
Vania da Deppo
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 763247
- ORCID : 0000-0001-6273-8738
Marco Ferrari
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 764034
- ORCID : 0000-0002-7447-6146
Stavro Ivanovski
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 773096
- ORCID : 0000-0002-8068-7695
Laurent Jorda
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 746464
- IdHAL : laurent-jorda
- ORCID : 0000-0001-8735-3308
- IdRef : 180975161
Michael Küppers
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 757030
- ORCID : 0000-0002-5666-8582
Vito Mennella
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 757836
- ORCID : 0000-0001-9525-895X
Colin Snodgrass
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 759859
- ORCID : 0000-0001-9328-2905
- IdRef : 202450821
Nicolas Thomas
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 757031
- ORCID : 0000-0002-0146-0071
Résumé
Critical measurements for understanding accretion and the dust/gas ratio in the solar nebula, where planets were forming 4.5 billion years ago, are being obtained by the GIADA (Grain Impact Analyser and Dust Accumulator) experiment on the European Space Agency’s Rosetta spacecraft orbiting comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. Between 3.6 and 3.4 astronomical units inbound, GIADA and OSIRIS (Optical, Spectroscopic, and Infrared Remote Imaging System) detected 35 outflowing grains of mass 10−10 to 10−7 kilograms, and 48 grains of mass 10−5 to 10−2 kilograms, respectively. Combined with gas data from the MIRO (Microwave Instrument for the Rosetta Orbiter) and ROSINA (Rosetta Orbiter Spectrometer for Ion and Neutral Analysis) instruments, we find a dust/gas mass ratio of 4 ± 2 averaged over the sunlit nucleus surface. A cloud of larger grains also encircles the nucleus in bound orbits from the previous perihelion. The largest orbiting clumps are meter-sized, confirming the dust/gas ratio of 3 inferred at perihelion from models of dust comae and trails.