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            <title xml:lang="en">Influence of initial plant density on sawn timber properties for Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco)</title>
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            <idno type="halRefHtml">&lt;i&gt;Annals of Forest Science&lt;/i&gt;, 2014, 71 (5), pp.617-626. &lt;a target="_blank" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13595-014-0362-8"&gt;&amp;#x27E8;10.1007/s13595-014-0362-8&amp;#x27E9;&lt;/a&gt;</idno>
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                <title xml:lang="en">Influence of initial plant density on sawn timber properties for Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco)</title>
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                    <forename type="first">Andreas</forename>
                    <surname>Rais</surname>
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                    <forename type="first">Werner</forename>
                    <surname>Poschenrieder</surname>
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                    <surname>Pretzsch</surname>
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                <author role="aut">
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                    <forename type="first">Jan-Willem G</forename>
                    <surname>van de Kuilen</surname>
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                  <idno type="halauthorid">880914-0</idno>
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                <idno type="eissn">1297-966X</idno>
                <title level="j">Annals of Forest Science</title>
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                  <publisher>Springer Nature (since 2011)/EDP Science (until 2010)</publisher>
                  <biblScope unit="volume">71</biblScope>
                  <biblScope unit="issue">5</biblScope>
                  <biblScope unit="pp">617-626</biblScope>
                  <date type="datePub">2014-07</date>
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              <p>&amp; Context Mechanical wood properties are increasingly rele-vant for structural applications and are influenced by growing space availability. Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) has an increasing market share in Europe and is mainly processed to sawn timber. &amp; Aim A sample of 164 thinning trees was taken from two Douglas-fir long-term forestry research plots in Germany. The end-use quality of about 2,000 side and center boards was analyzed as a function of initial plant density (1,000, 2,000, and 4,000 trees per hectare) and log position within the stem. &amp; Methods Sawn timber quality was described by knottiness, density, modulus of elasticity, and strength. Explanatory pa-rameters were radial position, longitudinal position, and initial plant density. All boards were strength graded visually and by the grading machine GoldenEye-706 using both X-rays for detecting densities and size as well as position of knots and laser interferometry for detecting eigenfrequency (DIN 4074, DIN 2012; EN 14081-2, CEN 2010). &amp; Results High plant density led to better mechanical sawn timber quality. Significant differences were especially ob-served between 1,000 and 2,000 trees per hectare. The yield of machine strength-graded center boards of strength class C24 increased from 50 to 89 % at low and high initial plant density, respectively. &amp; Conclusion Foresters are able to improve end-product qual-ity by controlling planting density in particular. The round-wood price that foresters get should be based on the propor-tion of higher strength classes within logs to give incentives for a more quality-oriented forest management.</p>
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          <orgName>Chair for Forest Growth and Yield Science, Technische Universität München</orgName>
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