The paper presents the results of a study aiming firstly at comparing passenger transport mode shares in world cities by region and with a detailed typology of transport modes, and secondly at analysing the main changes that may occur in the next 20 years in a rapidly changing context: lifestyles, environmental concerns, economic crisis, public policies, climate change, suburbanisation, new transport means (electric cars, bikes, scooters, new mobility services), information and communication technologies (ICT), etc. Finally, the paper discusses the solutions that can be envisaged in the future to meet the needs of sustainable urban mobility.