Study of a heat pump for simultaneous heating and cooling working with R290 or R1234yf and coupled to a building
Résumé
In several situations, simultaneous needs in heating and cooling in buildings can occur. A heat pump for simultaneous heating and cooling can be incorporated advantageously in this kind of buildings. Unlike a reversible heat pump that works either in heating or cooling, a heat pump for simultaneous heating and cooling has the distinction of operating in three modes: heating mode, cooling mode and simultaneous mode. In this article, different types of buildings are considered and simulated using TRNSYS software to identify the needs for heating, cooling and domestic hot water production (DHW). The introduction of a ratio of simultaneous heating and cooling needs (RSN) can qualify buildings in relation to the appropriateness of a technological solution of simultaneous production. Three kinds of buildings are investigated (Low-Energy Building, office building and retail space) in different climates (Rennes, Marseille, and Strasbourg). As the design of a heat pump is highly dependent on the properties of the refrigerant, models of small heat pumps for simultaneous cooling and heating using R290 and HFO-1234yf are developed. Results of experimental tests on a 15 kW heating capacity heat pump for simultaneous heating and cooling working with R407C were used to validate the numerical models of refrigeration components. Finally, a co-solving technique using two environments (EES and TRNSYS) is used to compare the performance of the different refrigerants coupled to the building with best RSN.