Image inpainting refers to the process of restoring missing or damaged areas in an image. This field of research has been very active over the past years, boosted by numerous applications: restoring images from scratches or text overlays, loss concealment in a context of impaired image transmission, object removal in a context of editing, disocclusion in image-based rendering of viewpoints different from those captured by the cameras. This article surveys the theoretical foundations, the different categories of methods, and illustrates the main applications