The safety of powered two-wheelers riders (mopeds, scooters motorcycles) is of growing concern in many countries members of the OECD (Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development). Over the last decade, while road safety has in most countries significantly improved, the number of casualties among motorcyclists has not benefited from the same pace of progress and in many cases has either stabilized or increased. The Joint Transport Research Centre (JTRC) of the International Transport Forum (ITF) at the OECD launched, in September 2010, a Working Group on “Motorcycling Safety and Mobility” with the view to produce by the end of 2012 a report, based on most recent research analysis, with policy recommendations on measures to improve the safety of riders, applicable in the short to medium term.