单音节化:东亚语言中的一些常见演化形式
Résumé
Asian languages reveal a continuum from quasi-disyllables to highly eroded monosyllables. These variegated states are now understood to be different stages along a common evolutionary path. An overview is proposed, beginning with the earliest stages of monosyllabicization, before the generalization of a strictly monosyllabic phonological structure. The well-documented processes of consonantal depletion which lead to the development of phonation-type registers and tones are set out within a general model. Lastly, phonological evolutions observed at advanced stages of segmental depletion are discussed. The concluding note concerns the aftermath of segmental depletion: the re-creation of polysyllables.
亚洲语言显示出一种音系结构连续体:从接近双音节结构的'一个半音节'结构(sesquisyllabic structure)到高度衰减的单音节。历史语言学研究证明,这些不同的状态处于共同演变路径上的不同阶段。本文从单音节化的最早阶段谈起,阐明辅音弱化的过程如何导致发声态音域和声调的产生,最后分析在音段衰竭晚期所观察到的音系演变现象。结语论及音段衰竭的后果:多音节的再生。
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