The value of lidar data for the study of forested areas has been repeatedly demonstrated, recording large numbers of previously unknown sites and features where most survey methods are ineffective. However, the question of the value of lidar in cultivated areas already investigated through historical mapping and archaeological studies such as fieldwalking survey, aerial photographic survey and excavation remains open. This paper summarizes the results of recent research in the open and heavily cultivated Mauguio region of southern France and reflects on the challenges of integrating information from lidar survey into an existing body of knowledge on the development of an agricultural landscape.