<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:hal="http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/" xmlns:gml="http://www.opengis.net/gml/3.3/" xmlns:gmlce="http://www.opengis.net/gml/3.3/ce" version="1.1" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0 http://api.archives-ouvertes.fr/documents/aofr-sword.xsd">
  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title>HAL TEI export of hal-00802973</title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <distributor>CCSD</distributor>
        <availability status="restricted">
          <licence target="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/">CC0 1.0 - Universal</licence>
        </availability>
        <date when="2026-05-01T21:39:57+02:00"/>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p part="N">HAL API Platform</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <listBibl>
        <biblFull>
          <titleStmt>
            <title xml:lang="en">Virtual-Sensor-Based Maximum-Likelihood Voting Approach for Fault-Tolerant Control of Electric Vehicle Powertrains</title>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Bekheira</forename>
                <surname>Tabbache</surname>
              </persName>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">763243</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">497643-763243</idno>
              <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0940-1834</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-55607"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Mohamed</forename>
                <surname>Benbouzid</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">051c16d6c9825d6e1e02d3cc3ffe0af9</email>
              <email type="domain">univ-brest.fr</email>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="string">mohamed-benbouzid</idno>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">2850</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">9901-2850</idno>
              <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4844-508X</idno>
              <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/150139853</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-55607"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Abdelaziz</forename>
                <surname>Kheloui</surname>
              </persName>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">763223</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">496888-763223</idno>
              <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/188374906</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-129856"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Jean-Matthieu</forename>
                <surname>Bourgeot</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">fb72d4682e39307a13926d80168206ba</email>
              <email type="domain">enib.fr</email>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="string">jmbourgeot</idno>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">847464</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">120316-847464</idno>
              <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3504-8218</idno>
              <idno type="GOOGLE SCHOLAR">https://scholar.google.fr/citations?user=qALBpQQAAAAJ</idno>
              <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/085228109</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-55607"/>
            </author>
            <editor role="depositor">
              <persName>
                <forename>Mohamed</forename>
                <surname>Benbouzid</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">051c16d6c9825d6e1e02d3cc3ffe0af9</email>
              <email type="domain">univ-brest.fr</email>
            </editor>
          </titleStmt>
          <editionStmt>
            <edition n="v1" type="current">
              <date type="whenSubmitted">2013-03-20 16:57:29</date>
              <date type="whenWritten">2013-03-01</date>
              <date type="whenModified">2026-01-09 11:22:07</date>
              <date type="whenReleased">2013-03-20 20:31:07</date>
              <date type="whenProduced">2013-03-01</date>
              <date type="whenEndEmbargoed">2013-03-20</date>
              <ref type="file" target="https://hal.science/hal-00802973v1/document">
                <date notBefore="2013-03-20"/>
              </ref>
              <ref type="file" subtype="greenPublisher" n="1" target="https://hal.science/hal-00802973v1/file/IEEE_TVT_2013_TABBACHE_FTC_MLV.pdf" id="file-802973-42512">
                <date notBefore="2013-03-20"/>
              </ref>
            </edition>
            <respStmt>
              <resp>contributor</resp>
              <name key="149758">
                <persName>
                  <forename>Mohamed</forename>
                  <surname>Benbouzid</surname>
                </persName>
                <email type="md5">051c16d6c9825d6e1e02d3cc3ffe0af9</email>
                <email type="domain">univ-brest.fr</email>
              </name>
            </respStmt>
          </editionStmt>
          <publicationStmt>
            <distributor>CCSD</distributor>
            <idno type="halId">hal-00802973</idno>
            <idno type="halUri">https://hal.science/hal-00802973</idno>
            <idno type="halBibtex">tabbache:hal-00802973</idno>
            <idno type="halRefHtml">&lt;i&gt;IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology&lt;/i&gt;, 2013, 62 (3), pp.1075-1083. &lt;a target="_blank" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TVT.2012.2230200"&gt;&amp;#x27E8;10.1109/TVT.2012.2230200&amp;#x27E9;&lt;/a&gt;</idno>
            <idno type="halRef">IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 2013, 62 (3), pp.1075-1083. &amp;#x27E8;10.1109/TVT.2012.2230200&amp;#x27E9;</idno>
            <availability status="restricted">
              <licence target="https://about.hal.science/hal-authorisation-v1/">HAL Authorization<ref corresp="#file-802973-42512"/></licence>
            </availability>
          </publicationStmt>
          <seriesStmt>
            <idno type="stamp" n="UNIV-BREST">Université de Bretagne occidentale - Brest (UBO)</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="ENIB">Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest</idno>
          </seriesStmt>
          <notesStmt>
            <note type="audience" n="2">International</note>
            <note type="popular" n="0">No</note>
            <note type="peer" n="1">Yes</note>
          </notesStmt>
          <sourceDesc>
            <biblStruct>
              <analytic>
                <title xml:lang="en">Virtual-Sensor-Based Maximum-Likelihood Voting Approach for Fault-Tolerant Control of Electric Vehicle Powertrains</title>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Bekheira</forename>
                    <surname>Tabbache</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">763243</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">497643-763243</idno>
                  <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0940-1834</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-55607"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Mohamed</forename>
                    <surname>Benbouzid</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <email type="md5">051c16d6c9825d6e1e02d3cc3ffe0af9</email>
                  <email type="domain">univ-brest.fr</email>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="string">mohamed-benbouzid</idno>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">2850</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">9901-2850</idno>
                  <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4844-508X</idno>
                  <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/150139853</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-55607"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Abdelaziz</forename>
                    <surname>Kheloui</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">763223</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">496888-763223</idno>
                  <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/188374906</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-129856"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Jean-Matthieu</forename>
                    <surname>Bourgeot</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <email type="md5">fb72d4682e39307a13926d80168206ba</email>
                  <email type="domain">enib.fr</email>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="string">jmbourgeot</idno>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">847464</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">120316-847464</idno>
                  <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3504-8218</idno>
                  <idno type="GOOGLE SCHOLAR">https://scholar.google.fr/citations?user=qALBpQQAAAAJ</idno>
                  <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/085228109</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-55607"/>
                </author>
              </analytic>
              <monogr>
                <idno type="halJournalId" status="VALID">14077</idno>
                <idno type="issn">0018-9545</idno>
                <title level="j">IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology</title>
                <imprint>
                  <publisher>Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers</publisher>
                  <biblScope unit="volume">62</biblScope>
                  <biblScope unit="issue">3</biblScope>
                  <biblScope unit="pp">1075-1083</biblScope>
                  <date type="datePub">2013-03-01</date>
                </imprint>
              </monogr>
              <idno type="doi">10.1109/TVT.2012.2230200</idno>
            </biblStruct>
          </sourceDesc>
          <profileDesc>
            <langUsage>
              <language ident="en">English</language>
            </langUsage>
            <textClass>
              <keywords scheme="author">
                <term xml:lang="en">induction motor</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Luenberger observer (LO)</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">maximum-likelihood voting (MLV)</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">speed sensor failure</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Electric vehicle (EV)</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">extended Kalman filter (EKF)</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">fault-tolerant control (FTC)</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">speed sensor failure.</term>
              </keywords>
              <classCode scheme="halDomain" n="spi.nrj">Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halTypology" n="ART">Journal articles</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halOldTypology" n="ART">Journal articles</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halTreeTypology" n="ART">Journal articles</classCode>
            </textClass>
            <abstract xml:lang="en">
              <p>This paper describes a sensor fault-tolerant control (FTC) for electric-vehicle (EV) powertrains. The proposed strategy deals with speed sensor failure detection and isolation within a reconfigurable induction-motor direct torque control (DTC) scheme. To increase the vehicle powertrain reliability regarding speed sensor failures, a maximum-likelihood voting (MLV) algorithm is adopted. It uses two virtual sensors [extended Kalman filter (EKF) and a Luenberger observer (LO)] and a speed sensor. Experiments on an induction-motor drive and simulations on an EV are carried out using a European urban and extraurban driving cycle to show that the proposed sensor FTC approach is effective and provides a simple configuration with high performance in terms of speed and torque responses.</p>
            </abstract>
          </profileDesc>
        </biblFull>
      </listBibl>
    </body>
    <back>
      <listOrg type="structures">
        <org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-55607" status="OLD">
          <orgName>Laboratoire brestois de mécanique et des systèmes</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">LBMS</orgName>
          <date type="end">2015-12-31</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>2, rue François Verny, 29806 Brest cedex 9</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.lbms.fr</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-131284" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-300314" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-1705235" type="indirect"/>
            <relation name="EA4325" active="#struct-300314" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-301846" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-129856" status="INCOMING">
          <orgName>Unité d'Enseignement et de Recherche d'Electrotechnique</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">UER ELT</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="DZ"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-242513" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-301932" type="indirect"/>
            <relation active="#struct-410682" type="indirect"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="regrouplaboratory" xml:id="struct-131284" status="VALID">
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/02ypw0a72</idno>
          <orgName>École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">ENIB</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>945 avenue du Technopole - 29280 Plouzané</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.enib.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-300314" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-1705235" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="regroupinstitution" xml:id="struct-300314" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">291809022</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">0000000121880893</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/0372th171</idno>
          <orgName>Université de Brest</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">UBO EPE</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Université de Bretagne Occidentale - 3 Rue des Archives 29238, Brest</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.univ-brest.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-1705235" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">291816037</idno>
          <orgName>Institut National Polytechnique de Bretagne</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">Bretagne INP</orgName>
          <date type="start">2025-03-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>945 avenue du Technopôle Brest-Iroise, 29289 Plouzané</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-301846" status="OLD">
          <idno type="IdRef">177263660</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/059n54003</idno>
          <orgName>École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">ENSTA Bretagne</orgName>
          <date type="end">2024-12-31</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>2 rue François Verny, 29806 Brest cedex 9</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.ensta-bretagne.fr</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-242513" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">159493404</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">0000 0004 0491 2007</idno>
          <orgName>École Militaire Polytechnique = Polytechnic Military School [Alger=Algiers]</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">EMP</orgName>
          <date type="start">1995-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>BP 17, Bordj-El-Bahri, Alger 16111</addrLine>
              <country key="DZ"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.emp.edu.dz/</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-301932" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-410682" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="regroupinstitution" xml:id="struct-301932" status="VALID">
          <orgName>Ministère de l'Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche Scientifique [Algérie]</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">MESRS</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>11 chemin Doudou Mokhtar Ben Aknoun - Alger</addrLine>
              <country key="DZ"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.mesrs.dz</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="regroupinstitution" xml:id="struct-410682" status="VALID">
          <orgName>Ministère de la Défense Nationale [Algérie]</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>B.P 184 - Alger Gare - Alger</addrLine>
              <country key="DZ"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.mdn.dz</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
      </listOrg>
    </back>
  </text>
</TEI>