This paper aims at pondering over the evaluation question of the VLE. We have carried out an overview of concepts and methods commonly used in Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) in the evaluation of information systems and then we have discussed the limits of their application on the VLE. We are proposing to evaluate the latters according to an activity-oriented approach. It will allow us to expand our field of study to learning situations in which a VLE can be integrated. The learning activity is thus observed not only through the interactions of motivated learners and teachers with VLE but also with the objects and objectives of learning implemented via VLE. This observation is based on the theoretical framework proposed by activity theory. The Engeström model as a form of conceptualization of the structure of activity is essentially explored to understand the elements interacting in a learning situation integrating VLE. We conclude our contribution by the application of ideas developed by observing the use of a VLE in a learning situation of information seeking and involving small groups of students