Curvelet-based seismoelectric data processing
Abstract
Seismoelectromagnetic conversions are induced through electrokinetic phenomena occurring when passing seismic waves induce relative fluid to solid displacements. Information on porous material properties provided by the type I coseismic electric field accompanying surface and body waves is limited to the vicinity of the electrical receivers, as opposed to the type II electromagnetic interface response (IR) which can help detect porous contrasts and/or fluid changes within the subsurface 'at depth'. For general field geometries, the problem is that type II disturbances exhibit lower amplitudes than type I fields and are difficult to access directly. Hence, separating both types of waves is a critical step when processing seismoelectric data. Synthetic seismograms and electrograms, generated with a full-waveform seismoelectric forward modelling code written by Garambois & Dietrich, enabled us to study the behaviour of the IR's characteristic dipolar amplitude pattern recovered through filtering. The definitive version is available at www.blackwell-synergy.com To better preserve the IR amplitudes, we have developed a new filtering strategy based on the Fast Discrete Curvelet Transform. Seismic or seismoelectric wave fronts can be optimall described using this multiscale decomposition over multidirectional anisotropic needle-shape structures. We have built a mask in the curvelet domain zeroing out seismoelectric samples corresponding to non-zero samples from the accelerogram, thus taking advantage of the relationship between seismic and seismoelectric waves for type I fields. This mask consists of a threshold function combined with a Gaussian distribution promoting horizontal (i.e. zero- slowness) directions. When applied to synthetic data, this filter enabled to successfully extract the IR although less altering its dipolar radiation pattern than the conventional dip-based techniques. This strategy was successfully applied to a seismoelectric data set acquired in sedimentary deposits, and permitted to isolate an IR generated at the water table.
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