This paper discusses the factors influencing the durability of glued assemblies of wood and cementitious material under variable hygrometric conditions. The composite specimens are composed of cementitious material connected to wood using epoxy glue. Global strains compared to free strains have been measured and local strains have been characterized by means of the digital image correlation technique. We showed in particular that the deformations in wood are related to the microstructure of the wood and that the restrained deformations at the glue interface may induce damage in cementitious material. The mechanisms of damage are correlated to the anisotropy directions of the wood.