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Article Dans Une Revue Clinical Science Année : 2007

Increasing the fat-to-carbohydrate ratio in a high-fat diet prevents the development of obesity but not a prediabetic state in rats

Natalia Sinitskaya
  • Fonction : Auteur
Sylviane Gourmelen
  • Fonction : Auteur
Carole Schuster-Klein
  • Fonction : Auteur
Béatrice Guardiola-Lemaitre
  • Fonction : Auteur
Paul Pevet
  • Fonction : Auteur

Résumé

Metabolic disorders induced by high-fat feeding in rodents evoke some, if not all the features of the human metabolic syndrome. The occurrence and severity of metabolic disorders, however, varies according to rodent species, and even strain, as well as the diet. Therefore we investigated obesogenic and diabetogenic long-term effects of 3 high-fat diets differing by their fat/carbohydrate (CHO) ratios. Sprague-Dawley rats were fed for 10 weeks with either a control, high-carbohydrate, low-fat diet (HCD; 12/64/24 ratio of fat/CHO/protein, 3.7 kcal/g), a high-fat, medium-carbohydrate diet (HFD1; 53/30/17 ratio of fat/CHO/protein, 4.7 kcal/g), a very high-fat, low-carbohydrate diet (HFD2; 67/9/24 ratio of fat/CHO/protein, 5.2 kcal/g), or a very high-fat, carbohydrate-free diet (HFD3; 75/0/25 ratio of fat/CHO/protein, 5.9 kcal/g). Compared to the control diet (HCD), rats fed with high fat combined with more (HFD1) or less (HFD2) of CHO exhibited higher body mass index (+13 and +10+ BMI, respectively; P<0.05) and abdominal fat (+70+ in both HFD1 and HFD2; P<0.05), higher plasma leptin (+130 and +135+, respectively; P<0.05), lower plasma adiponectin levels (-23 and -30+, respectively; P<0.05), and impaired glucose tolerance. Only the HFD1 group showed insulin resistance. By contrast, a very high-fat diet devoid of CHO (HFD3) led to impaired glucose tolerance, insulin resistance and hypoadiponectinemia (-50+, P<0.05) while BMI, adiposity and plasma leptin did not differ from respective values in animals fed with the control diet. We conclude that increasing fat-to-carbohydrate ratio to the uppermost (i.e., carbohydrate-free) in a high-fat diet prevents the development of obesity, but not the prediabetic state (i.e., altered glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity).

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Dates et versions

hal-00479385 , version 1 (30-04-2010)

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Natalia Sinitskaya, Sylviane Gourmelen, Carole Schuster-Klein, Béatrice Guardiola-Lemaitre, Paul Pevet, et al.. Increasing the fat-to-carbohydrate ratio in a high-fat diet prevents the development of obesity but not a prediabetic state in rats. Clinical Science, 2007, 113 (10), pp.417-425. ⟨10.1042/CS20070182⟩. ⟨hal-00479385⟩

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