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            <title xml:lang="en">Internal states of model isotropic granular packings. I. Assembling process, geometry and contact networks.</title>
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                <forename type="first">Ivana</forename>
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            <idno type="halRefHtml">&lt;i&gt;Physical Review E : Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics [2001-2015]&lt;/i&gt;, 2007, 76 (6), pp.061302. &lt;a target="_blank" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.76.061302"&gt;&amp;#x27E8;10.1103/PhysRevE.76.061302&amp;#x27E9;&lt;/a&gt;</idno>
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                    <forename type="first">Ivana</forename>
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                <term xml:lang="en">Granular materials</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">sphere packings</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">random close packing</term>
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              <p>This is the ﬁrst paper of a series of three, reporting on numerical simulation studies of geometric and mechanical properties of static assemblies of spherical beads under an isotropic pressure. Frictionless systems assemble in the unique random close packing (RCP) state in the low pressure limit if the compression process is fast enough, slower processes inducing traces of crystallization, and exhibit speciﬁc properties directly related to isostaticity of the force-carrying structure. The different structures of frictional packings assembled by various methods cannot be classiﬁed by the sole density. While lubricated systems approach RCP densities and coordination number z∗=6 on the backbone in the rigid limit, an idealized "vibration" procedure results in equally dense configurations with z∗≃4.5. Near neighbor correlations on various scales are computed and compared to available laboratory data, although z∗ values remain experimentally inaccessible. Low coordination packings have many rattlers (more than 10% of the grains carry no force), which should be accounted for on studying position correlations, and a small proportion of harmless "ﬂoppy modes" associated with divalent grains. Frictional packings, however slowly assembled under low pressure, retain a ﬁnite level of force indeterminacy, except in the limit of infinite friction.</p>
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