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              <p>Je présente ici une courte synthèse d'études personnelles récentes de la structure microscopique des os des oiseaux actuels. Par une approche comparative et statistique, il est montré que certains types de tissus osseux observés résultent vraisemblablement d'une optimisation de la résistance du squelette à des contraintes mécaniques, comme la torsion apparaissant au cours du vol. Ces relations adaptatives inédites entre la microstructure osseuse et la fonction biomécanique du squelette ouvrent des perspectives paléobiologiques nouvelles pour l'analyse du vol et de ses origines chez les vertébrés, à partir des microstructures conservées dans les fossiles.</p>
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