In this study, nanoparticles of perovskiteCaZrO$_3$ were prepared by a solution combustion technique using urea, glycine, β-alanineand citric acid as fuels. The aim of this work is to estimate the effect of these different fuels on the structure and microstructure of CaZrO$_3$ powders. The flame reaction was estimated by means of a thermocouple which allowed us to show that the combustion reaction velocity. The thermal decomposition of nitrate precursors was studied with the help of TG-DTA coupled with the infrared spectroscopy. The FT-IR spectroscopy enabled to check the identity of the evolved gases over the mass loss process. CaZrO$_3$ powders were calcined at 900°C for 1 h. The powders were thoroughly characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction andThermodilatometry. Also, the combustion process using glycine as fuel is beneficial to produce CaZrO$_3$ powders at low temperature, which are known to have a good reactivity with fine particles