Density functional theory CIGSe Magnetic properties MAS NMR Aluminum nitride Catalysis Organic solar cells Oxides Titanium Spectroscopy X-ray diffraction Binder EIS Phosphorescence Energy storage CuIn Electrochemistry Magnetron sputtering Structure XPS Sputtering Hydrogel Solar cell Sulfosalt Raman spectroscopy X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy Transmission electron microscopy AFM Electrode Optical properties Mercury Luminescence Mechanical properties Supercapacitor Europium DFT EPMA Chalcogenides Microstructure Etching Supercapacitors Chalcogenide Nanoparticles EELS Electronic structure Cyclic voltammetry Fluorescence Lithium-ion batteries Ionic liquids Silicon Thin film Organic battery Lithium battery Pseudocapacitance AlN Degradation Raman Titanium dioxide Fluorine Intercalation Interface Solar cells Copper Thin films DFT calculations Functionalization Crystal structure Calcined clay NMR Resistive switching PVD Buffer layer Grafting Organic batteries NEXAFS Atomic force microscopy Graphene Molybdenum Italy Nanocomposite Photoluminescence Sol-gel Li-ion batteries Vanadium nitride MnO2 Couches minces Inorganic compounds TEM Anode Lithium batteries Graphite Mott insulator CIGS Dislocation Electrochemical capacitors Electrical properties Carbon nanotubes Composites Synthesis Palygorskite