In an economy whose innovations and productivity are largely based on the production, exchange and processing of digitized information, data is acquiring increasing economic, social and political value. But the corollary of this statement is that, like any value, ‟data” is subject to extreme competition and provokes both litigation and a demand for European, or even international, regulation. We are therefore seeing the gradual emergence of a data law, which we would like to summarize here. This legal framework remains rather heterogeneous and very partial. But the very important (and no doubt quite disturbing) effects of the exploitation and algorithmic processing of data in the years to come should serve to accelerate the structuring of this law, provided that clear political choices are made to specify the essential values that a digitized economy must respect.2