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Article Dans Une Revue Emerging Infectious Diseases Année : 2020

High Pathogenicity of Nipah Virus from Pteropus lylei Fruit Bats, Cambodia

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We conducted an in-depth characterization of the Nipah virus (NiV) isolate previously obtained from a Pteropus lylei bat in Cambodia in 2003 (CSUR381). We performed full-genome sequencing and phylogenetic analyses and confirmed CSUR381 is part of the NiV-Malaysia genotype. In vitro studies revealed similar cell permissiveness and replication of CSUR381 (compared with 2 other NiV isolates) in both bat and human cell lines. Sequence alignments indicated conservation of the ephrin-B2 and ephrin-B3 receptor binding sites, the glycosylation site on the G attachment protein, as well as the editing site in phosphoprotein, suggesting production of nonstructural proteins V and W, known to counteract the host innate immunity. In the hamster animal model, CSUR381 induced lethal infections. Altogether, these data suggest that the Cambodia bat-derived NiV isolate has high pathogenic potential and, thus, provide insight for further studies and better risk assessment for future NiV outbreaks in Southeast Asia.
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hal-03091393 , version 1 (31-12-2020)

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Maria Gaudino, Noémie Aurine, Claire Dumont, Julien Fouret, Marion Ferren, et al.. High Pathogenicity of Nipah Virus from Pteropus lylei Fruit Bats, Cambodia. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 2020, 26 (1), pp.104 - 113. ⟨10.3201/eid2601.191284⟩. ⟨hal-03091393⟩
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